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Digital Isolators

In electronics, an opto-isolator, also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator, is a component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light.[1] Opto-isolators prevent high voltages from affecting the system receiving the signal.[2] Commercially available opto-isolators withstand input-to-output voltages up to 10 kV[3] and voltage transients with speeds up to 10 kV/μs.[4] A common type of opto-isolator consists of an LED and a phototransistor in the same opaque package. Other types of source-sensor combinations include LED-photodiode, LED-LASCR, and lamp-photoresistor pairs. Usually opto-isolators transfer digital (on-off) signals, but some techniques allow them to be used with analog signals. TI’s ISOW784x family of digital isolators integrates a DC-DC power converter that provides up to 650 mW of isolated power at high efficiency. The devices eliminate the need for a separate isolated power supply in space-constrained, isolated designs. The signal isolation channel has a logic input and output buffer, separated by a silicon dioxide (SiO2) insulation barrier, whereas, power isolation uses on-chip transformers separated by thin film polymer as insulating material.

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